Kidney Stones

Warm Weather Is Common Factor in Kidney Stones

This article originally appeared in Health Matters, a health information newsletter published by Clinton Hospital for members of the Greater Clinton community.

Kidney stones - chances are you have either had one yourself or you know someone who has gone through the ordeal of having one. Either way, you have surely asked the question, "How can something so small and simple cause so much pain?"

The truth is that while many kidney stones are relatively small, some can be quite large and can fill the entire kidney collecting system. Plus, kidney stones are anything but simple. Kidney stones are a complex combination of minerals, salts and proteins that, when combined with other factors, such as dehydration and poor diet, create the perfect storm in the kidney, resulting in a stone. As described by WebMD, stones are formed when the minerals and salts in the urine stick together and crystallize. 

Generally, stones go undetected while in the kidney because they are painless. However, when the stone begins to migrate from the kidney toward the bladder through the ureter (a thin tube connecting the two), it can block the ureter causing swelling and an acute onset of pain that cannot be helped by changing positions.

There are multiple treatments for kidney stones ranging from allowing the body to pass the stone spontaneously with the help of medication to different forms of noninvasive and invasive lithotripsy treatments, as well as surgery.

Kidney stones affect all ages, genders and races. People with a family history of kidney stones or preexisting medical conditions such as gout; inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis; and those living in warmer, southern climates, who are more likely to suffer from dehydration, are at a higher risk of forming kidney stones.

People who are predisposed to kidney stones can help lower their risk by 75 percent through proper diet and adequate hydration, commonly coupled with preventative medication. Doctors recommend drinking two quarts of water per day, supplemented with 1/2 cup of lemon juice, which contains citrate, a stone-inhibiting substance. Other recommendations include:
· Minimizing dietary sodium and fat
· Reducing calcium intake to less than 1,200 mg per day
· Limiting protein in proportion to ideal body weight
· Reducing foods such as tea, chocolate, nuts and some dark, green vegetables

Kidney stones are one of the most common urological problems seen by doctors, alongside prostate diseases; complicated urinary tract infections; bladder, prostate, testicular and kidney cancer; as well as erectile dysfunction.