When Time Is of the Essence

How Our Cardiac Catheterization Rapid Response Team Operates During Off-Hours

This article originally appeared in Pathways,a magazine published for physicians and the community by UMass Memorial Medical Center.

One of the key contributors to the outstanding door-to-balloon times for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients at UMass Memorial Medical Center was the refinement of how its Cardiac Catheterization Rapid Response Team operates during off-hours.

"The Cath Lab had an on-call component for years to cover nights, weekends and holidays," said Jay Cyr, RN, MS, MBA, vice president of the Heart and Vascular Center of Excellence. The lab's regular hours are Monday through Friday, 7 am to 7 pm.

"But in the past, if a patient with chest pain arrived in the Emergency Department during off-hours and needed catheterization, the ED physician first had to call a cardiologist who would then activate the on-call catheterization team," he continued. "That process could take upward of three hours.

"We realized we needed to dramatically change the process," Mr. Cyr added. "When time is of the essence, why were we doing sequential things when it made more sense to do them simultaneously?"

Technology now makes it possible for paramedics to transmit a patient's EKG from the ambulance to the ED. Operational changes at UMass Memorial not only give the ED attending the authority to activate the Cath Lab but also to send an incoming STEMI patient directly to the lab, bypassing the ED.

"Now, paramedics are transporting a patient at the same time that the cath team is coming in," Mr. Cyr said. "And because it takes an average of just 25 minutes for the on-call team to get here, it is often waiting for the patient in the Cath Lab. It's been a huge timesaver."
The on-call rapid response team consists of a cardiac interventionalist, an interventional fellow, two nurses and one radiologic technologist. Team members who can reach the hospital within 20 minutes of activation report directly to the Cath Lab to prepare for the STEMI patient's arrival. Upon arrival, other members of the team are directed to either the ED or Cath Lab, depending on the patient's location.

The UMass Memorial Life Flight and EMS communication center automatically follows up to verify activation of all team members, and it facilitates communication between the physicians, nurses and technologists as they travel to the Cath Lab.

"We've gone from patients arriving in the ED and being seen by two sets of doctors to having the cath team activated and ready before the patient even arrives," Mr. Cyr added. "It's a huge leap that benefits patients tremendously."