Medical School-Medical Center Lead Nationwide Study of Surgery Outcomes

This article originally appeared in Connections, a magazine published for physicians and the community by UMass Memorial Medical Center.

Last fall, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) awarded UMass Medical School through the Department of Orthopedics and Physical Rehabilitation a $12 million grant to assess quality-of-life improvements among total joint replacement (TJR) surgery patients - the largest single AHRQ grant ever awarded to the Medical School, the academic partner of UMass Memorial Health Care.

This groundbreaking project involves creating a first-of-its-kind national registry of 30,000-plus TJR patients and assessing the success and failure of TJR surgery relating to patient outcomes and quality of life.

This holds tremendous promise for the more than 1,200 patients who choose to undergo TJR surgery at UMass Memorial each year. The intent of this grant is to improve the result of joint replacement surgery throughout the United States.

"With 60 million US adults diagnosed with osteoarthritis, an aging population and the growing prevalence of obesity, the number of total joint replacements is expected to increase significantly in the next 20 years," explained Patricia Franklin, MD, MBA, MPH,
professor of orthopedics and physical rehabilitation and family medicine and community health at the Medical School, and principal investigator of the study.

"Accurately assessing the surgery's real impact on quality of life is critically important." "In the past, joint registries have focused only on implant failures and whether the joint replacement had to be revised or removed," added David Ayers, MD, the Arthur M. Pappas, MD, Chair of Orthopedics and Physical Rehabilitation at UMass Memorial Medical Center and chair and professor of orthopedics and physical rehabilitation at the Medical School.

"We are looking at how patients' lives are changed after joint replacement surgery, to what extent pain is relieved and how they are able to return to function in daily living, work and recreation."

While TJR surgery is a relatively common procedure (more than 700,000 US adults undergo hip or knee replacement annually), there is wide variation in postoperative function, which could be associated with the type of implant, surgical approach, type of hospital or surgical center, recovery plan or ongoing care.

"This study will give us important information about surgical approaches, the types of joint replacements used, rehabilitation pathways and surgical setting," Dr. Ayers said. The study also will analyze postop complication rates, racial and ethnic disparities in joint replacement procedures, and variable costs for the procedure across the nation.

"We'll also look in-depth at younger adults who undergo joint replacement while still working," he added, noting that patients under age 65 are the fastest-growing population segment undergoing TJR surgery.

UMass Memorial Health Care's Musculoskeletal Center of Excellence, of which Dr. Ayers is director, is among the top 10 percent of TJR centers in the nation in terms of volume and patient outcomes. The center is leading five other nationally respected, high-volume orthopedic programs and a community practice network of 26 orthopedic offices in recruiting patients and gathering data. Altogether, data on 33,000 diverse patients treated by 130 orthopedic surgeons from all regions of the country will be collected.

Dr. Ayers was integral in putting together this national consortium. "We were chosen as the lead center and the site where the registry will reside because of our longstanding recognition as a joint replacement center of excellence and the quality clinical work we do here for patients with advanced arthritis," Dr. Ayers said. "We've also already done cutting-edge research to improve functional outcomes for patients with severe limitations in their daily activities.

"This study will provide a wealth of information to further advance the care of joint replacement patients and will be especially beneficial to the patients who choose us for their procedures," he added.

Data collection for the AHRQ project began in February 2011 and the first round of analysis will start at the one-year point. The project is funded for a four-year initial period.

For more information, visit www.force-tjr.org.