Pediatric Genetic Testing: Mapping Disorders and Syndromes

This article originally appeared in Star Chronicle, a newsletter published for the Children's Medical Center.

Regardless of whether the patient is a mother with weeks to go before her baby enters the world or a teenager trying to overcome mysterious developmental issues, learning the reason for a genetic disorder can offer possible solutions for physicians and peace of mind for families.

According to Beverly Hay, MD, chief of genetics, "Genetics can play an important role in medical care. For example, it is highly effective in thwarting some medical issues. Required newborn screenings can detect many rare disorders to allow for treatment to begin before problems arise." Testing can also be done on those who are predisposed to develop various diseases, such as cancer.

Oftentimes, screenings are done in conjunction with other specialties, such as orthopedics, dermatology, gastroenterology, developmental/behavioral pediatrics and obstetrics. Some cases are very medically involved, so the team lessens the burden of frequent appointments by going to other specialty clinics to see patients.

The work of the Genetics Clinic does not stop once a diagnosis is made. Continuing to follow the patient and providing ongoing consultations is useful to referring physicians. It is beneficial for some patients to be retested or checked periodically, as new information about the patient and new technologies allow for improved diagnostic capabilities.

In genetics, both negative and positive results have rewards. A negative test can create a tremendous sense of relief and may eliminate the need for frequent checkups and tests. A positive result can relieve uncertainty and creates an excellent opportunity for counseling and interventions to reduce risk.